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Lactose negative gram negative rods1/25/2024 ![]() Mainly outpatients were examined inpatients having in-dwelling catheters were excluded from the study because their inclusion would complicate the analysis. Study population: Patients were recruited for the study using a systematic sampling procedure irrespective of history of UTI. Permission to carry out this study was sought and obtained from the management of Rubagga Hospital. Study site and ethical issues: The study was conducted among patients presenting with UTI at Rubaga hospital, and on patients who were requested to provide a urine sample by the physician(s) and found to have significant bacteriuria. The main objective was to isolate the major bacterial pathogens associated with UTI among patients at Rubaga hospital and then establish the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of these isolates to first-line drug treatment in order to identify the first line drugs that were still relatively effective against resistant urinary tract bacteria. This study focused on the problem of antibiotic resistance to the first-line drugs that were used to treat patients presenting with urinary tract infections at Rubaga hospital in Kampala, Uganda. The resistant bacteria may be present from the commencement of the infection or may develop during treatment, and, therefore, a study of this kind is helpful in managing UTIs much better. Resistant infections confront and thwart the treatment of UTIs in the community as well as in the hospital. Some bacteria causing several kinds of human urinary tract infections are becoming resistant to multiple antibiotics, and are continuing to increase. Many urinary tract bacteria are capable of expressing resistance in one form or another 3. One of the most difficult problems confronting the physician dealing with urinary tract infections is that of microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents. It becomes more common in older males due to obstruction of urinary outflow related to prostatic hypertrophy. About 20% or more of women have asymptomatic UTI at least once and beyond the age of 6 months, UTI is much less common in males than in females 1. This can probably be explained by the shorter urethra in the female 2. The female appears to be much more prone to such infections than is the male. In some cases this may be the result of anatomic abnormalities, but there is no plausible explanation in others 2. Certain persons seem to be particularly susceptible to UTIs. In an average practice of 2000 patients, approximately 50 will consult annually for acute urinary tract infection 1. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common human infections.
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